Speciesism: What It Is and Why It’s Problematic

Speciesism is a form of discrimination where humans assign different values or rights to animals based solely on their species. Much like racism or sexism, speciesism involves treating some beings as more deserving of respect, care, and protection simply because of their biological classification.

At its core, speciesism operates on the assumption that human interests are

inherently more important than the interests of non-human animals. This mindset justifies everything from factory farming and animal testing to the widespread exploitation of animals for clothing, entertainment, and other purposes. The question we must ask ourselves is: why do we treat some animals with love and compassion while exploiting and harming others?

Why Speciesism is Problematic

Speciesism is problematic because it overlooks the fact that all animals—regardless of their species—have the capacity to suffer and experience emotions. To value one life over another based on species is inconsistent and unfair, leading to cruel and inhumane treatment of animals that we deem "lesser," while favouring others.

In factory farming, for example, billions of pigs, cows, chickens, and other animals are raised in horrific conditions because they are considered “food animals,” whereas dogs and cats are treasured as members of the family, and harming them would be an abhorrent crime. The moral inconsistency in treating some species as companions and others as commodities speaks to the core of speciesism.

The Paradox of Pet Speciesism: Dogs vs. Pigs

One of the clearest examples of speciesism is this paradox of how we treat pets vs. livestock. Let's consider dogs and pigs.

In Western society, people view dogs as beloved companions and members of the family. We invest time, money, and love into caring for them and ensuring they have fulfilling lives. Dogs have the privilege of being cherished and protected, simply because of the species they belong to.

Now, think about pigs. Pigs are highly intelligent—some studies show they are even more intelligent than dogs. They can form deep emotional bonds, solve problems, and are playful creatures. Yet, despite their similarities to dogs, pigs are often relegated to factory farms, subjected to inhumane treatment, and killed in staggering numbers for food. We celebrate the loyalty and intelligence of dogs, but when it comes to pigs, their individuality and emotional complexity are ignored.

This is pet speciesism at work: elevating certain animals to companion status while exploiting others who are equally deserving of compassion. This moral double standard is hard to reconcile when we look at the facts about these animals.

The Exception of Animal Sports: Profit Over Compassion

The key exception to companion animals being treated above others is in the world of animal sports, where their elevated status is over ridden by greed. Horses and greyhounds, for instance, are often cherished as companions by their owners, yet when used in sports like horse racing or greyhound racing, their welfare frequently takes a backseat to profit. The same animals that might otherwise be seen as deserving of protection and care are pushed to their physical limits, subjected to injuries, and often discarded or cruelly destroyed once they can no longer perform.

These practices, which would be considered abhorrently cruel under normal circumstances, are accepted and even celebrated simply because these animals don’t “belong” to anyone in the traditional sense—they are treated as commodities rather than sentient beings. The pursuit of profit makes it easy for society to turn a blind eye to the suffering involved.

Tackling Speciesism: What Can We Do?

Addressing speciesism requires a shift in mindset, where we begin to question the arbitrary distinctions we make between animals. Here are some ways we can begin to tackle speciesism:

1. Educate Yourself About All Animals

Understanding the capacities of different animals—their intelligence, emotions, and social structures—can challenge preconceived notions. For example, learning about the complex lives of pigs, chickens, or cows can help dismantle the false hierarchy we place on different species.

2. Change Your Habits

One of the most effective ways to combat speciesism is through your daily choices. Consider transitioning to a plant-based diet or reducing your consumption of animal products. Every time you choose not to support industries that exploit animals, you're taking a stand against speciesism.

3. Advocate for All Animals, Not Just Some

Many of us are passionate about advocating for pets like dogs and cats, but it’s important to extend that compassion to all animals. Become an animal advocate, use your voice to empower others, and support organisations that fight for the rights of farm animals, wildlife, and other species who are often overlooked (like us!).

4. Challenge Cultural Norms

Question cultural practices that elevate some animals while harming others. Encourage open conversations about speciesism and challenge the idea that it’s natural or necessary to exploit animals. The more people become aware of these issues, the more likely we are to see change.

5. Practice Consistent Compassion

If we truly believe in kindness and respect for all beings, our compassion shouldn’t be limited by species. Being aware of how speciesism affects your everyday choices—whether in your diet, the products you buy, or how you talk about animals—can help you live more ethically.

Conclusion: Moving Beyond Speciesism

Speciesism, like any form of discrimination, perpetuates harmful practices and ideologies that allow certain beings to be exploited while others are protected. Challenging this mindset requires us to recognise the inherent value of all animals, not just those we consider companions.

By making more compassionate choices and raising awareness, we can begin to dismantle speciesism and build a more fair and compassionate world for all animals.